carbon black

Ingredients

carbon

Preparation Steps

Original Recipe Text

The manuscript uses black ink for the main text (p. 2). According to the study, Raman analysis of the ink on the manuscript identified significant peaks characteristic of carbon black vibrations at 1330 and 1580 cm−1 (p. 6). Traditional Persian recipes for black ink include six varieties: carbon, iron-gall, carbo-gall-vitriol, carbo-gall-alum, peacock, and starch; the identification here points to carbon-based ink which is consistent across the multi-band imaging outcomes (p. 6).

Evidence

"the Raman spectrum of this pigment in Fig. 4b, displays significant peaks at 1330 and 1580 cm−1, which can be attributed to carbon black vibrations"

Remarks

The XRF spectrum of the black ink shows it shares the same elemental composition as the paper, suggesting a lack of heavy metal markers found in iron-gall inks (p. 6). Although multi-band imaging is limited for black pigments, IR-FC images can help distinguish carbon black from iron gall ink (p. 6).