carbon based ink

Andalusia
15th Century
Source: Melo, M. J., Nabais, P., Vieira, M., Araújo, R., Otero, V., Lopes, J., & Martín, L. (2022). Between past and future: Advanced studies of ancient colours to safeguard cultural heritage and new sustainable applications. Dyes and Pigments, 208, 110815.
Recipe Details

Ingredients

carbon

Evidence

"Inks used as contour: carbon based ink."

Remarks

Used consistently for the outlines and contours across all five studied Islamic manuscripts including the Koran, Theological treatise, and biographies (Table 1, p. 6).

Scientific Analysis
Chemical CompositionC
Analytical Techniques
MicroRaman
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
Binderpolysaccharide and proteinaceous
Paper TypePaper
ColorBlack
RegionAndalusia
Approx. Year1450
Source Information
TitleBetween past and future: Advanced studies of ancient colours to safeguard cultural heritage and new sustainable applications
AuthorMelo, M. J., Nabais, P., Vieira, M., Araújo, R., Otero, V., Lopes, J., & Martín, L.
CollectionIslamic manuscripts of Fondo Ka’ti
Language
N/A
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