Lac dye red
Andalusia
12th Century
Source: Melo, M. J., Nabais, P., Vieira, M., Araújo, R., Otero, V., Lopes, J., & Martín, L. (2022). Between past and future: Advanced studies of ancient colours to safeguard cultural heritage and new sustainable applications. Dyes and Pigments, 208, 110815.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
lukk, lac dye
Preparation Steps
The dark red lac dye formulations in the Koran were found to match the recipe ‘to make red ruby from lukk’ documented in the 11th-century text of Ibn Badis (Section 1.5, p. 7). In these specific recipes, no alum was added to the formulation (Section 3.1, p. 8).
Original Recipe Text
The dark red lac dye formulations in the Koran were found to match the recipe ‘to make red ruby from lukk’ documented in the 11th-century text of Ibn Badis (Section 1.5, p. 7). In these specific recipes, no alum was added to the formulation (Section 3.1, p. 8).
Evidence
"Microspectrofluorimetry demonstrated that the dark reds found in the Koran and Mss 19 compared very well to the recipe ‘to make red ruby from lukk’ from the Ibn Badis text (11th c.); while the brighter reds applied in Al-Sarishi poems and the Prophet biography compared well with a recipe from the Paduan manuscript (16th c.)."
Remarks
Lac dye was identified for the first time in Islamic manuscripts in this study (p. 7). The chromophore is well preserved, though the proteinaceous binding media shows signs of severe degradation and the presence of oxalate compounds (p. 7).
Scientific Analysis
Analytical Techniques
Microspectrofluorimetry
FTIR
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
pigment
Binderproteinaceous nature
Paper TypeParchment
ColorRed
RegionAndalusia
Approx. Year1150
Source Information
AuthorMelo, M. J., Nabais, P., Vieira, M., Araújo, R., Otero, V., Lopes, J., & Martín, L.
CollectionKoran (1198)
Language
N/A
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