c. 1780 Italian paper

Nigeria
18th Century
Source: Journal of Islamic Manuscripts 2 (2011) 1-35
Recipe Details

Evidence

"The resulting ink was a rich, dark rusty-red brown-black color that aggressively bit into c. 1780 Italian paper and could not be washed off."

Remarks

Manuscripts are loose folios stored in leather wrappers. Some papers are described as brown, and technical analysis of paper structure (watermarks) was noted as a method used by other scholars like Brockett (p. 5, 12).

Scientific Analysis
Chemical Compositioncellulose
Analytical Techniques
visual inspection
beta-radiography
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
paper
Paper Typec. 1780 Italian paper
ColorBrown
RegionNigeria
Approx. Year1750
Source Information
AuthorJournal of Islamic Manuscripts 2
CollectionItaly
Language
N/A
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    c. 1780 Italian paper (18th Century) | Islamic Ink Atlas