red lead (minium)
Britain
8th Century
Source: Brown, K. L., & Clark, R. J. H. (2004). The Lindisfarne Gospels and two other 8th century Anglo-Saxon/Insular manuscripts: pigment identification by Raman microscopy. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 35(1), 4-12.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
Pb3O4
Evidence
"The orange/red areas 1, 6 and 16 of f. 93v, areas 71, 78, 85 and 87 of f. 137v, area 52 of f. 138v and areas 27, 41 and 46 of f. 139 all unambiguously give the Raman spectrum of red lead (minium), Pb3O4."
Remarks
This pigment was used extensively for orange and red decorative elements across all folios studied (p. 9).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical CompositionPb3O4
Analytical Techniques
Raman microscopy
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
pigment
ColorOrange
RegionBritain
Approx. Year750
Source Information
AuthorBrown, K. L., & Clark, R. J. H.
CollectionCotton MS Nero D iv (The Lindisfarne Gospels)
Language
N/A
AI Suggestions
Find similar recipes based on ingredients and preparation methods.