madder (Rubia tinctorum L.)
Egypt
19th Century
Source: Ebeid, H., Di Gianvincenzo, F., Kralj Cigić, I. & Strlič, M. (2024). Chromatographic analysis of natural dyes in mediaeval Islamic paper. Heritage Science, 12, 13.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
madder, alizarin
Preparation Steps
Madder identification relied on the detection of the marker alizarin, which typically elutes around 22 minutes in the specified HPLC-DAD protocol (p. 9).
Original Recipe Text
Madder identification relied on the detection of the marker alizarin, which typically elutes around 22 minutes in the specified HPLC-DAD protocol (p. 9).
Evidence
"The identification of madder in the historical manuscripts was based on the detection of alizarin eluting around 22 min. This marker was confidently identified in three samples: AP45-1–2, AP125-1, and AS4"
Remarks
While alizarin was the primary marker, other components like purpurin were checked but not detected (p. 10). In many samples where madder was not confirmed, spectra shapes were similar to alizarin but lacked the broader absorbance peak at 430 nm, suggesting structural degradation (p. 10).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical Compositionalizarin
Analytical Techniques
high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC–DAD)
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
pigment
Paper TypeIslamic paper
ColorRed
RegionEgypt
Approx. Year1850
Source Information
AuthorEbeid, H., Di Gianvincenzo, F., Kralj Cigić, I. & Strlič, M.
CollectionNear East
Language
N/A
AI Suggestions
Find similar recipes based on ingredients and preparation methods.