black ink, yellowish-gold ink, red

Preparation Steps

Original Recipe Text

The manuscript utilizes a combination of inks for different calligraphic and decorative functions. A black ink is used for the primary muḥaqqaq and naskh scripts (p. 175). A yellowish-gold ink with a black outline is employed for final blessings (p. 175). Red ink is specifically used for naskh text giving thanks to God and for circular markers (p. 175). These inks were applied in different scribal hands, suggesting late additions to the scroll (p. 175).

Evidence

"The black ink, gold rosettes, and the red circular markers create a visual rhythm to the section."

Remarks

The scroll is identified as having Mamluk provenance based on the calligraphy and decoration which compare well with Mamluk book art (p. 176). The text transitions from muḥaqqaq script into naskh script, utilizing black ink, gold rosettes, and red markers to create visual rhythm (p. 175). The final epilogue, containing the Throne verse, is written in a black scribal script as a later addition (p. 175).