mixed carbon and iron-gall inks
Orient
14th Century
Source: Colini, C., Hahn, O., Bonnerot, O., Steger, S., Cohen, Z., Ghigo, T., Christiansen, T., Bicchieri, M., Biocca, P., Krutzsch, M., and Rabin, I. (2018). 'The Quest for the Mixed Inks', manuscript cultures, 11, pp. 41–48.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
Soot, iron-gall
Preparation Steps
The manuscript used mixed inks where the amount of added carbon was variable. In some spectra (spectrum A in Fig. 1), the features of iron-gall are more evident due to lower carbon content, while others (spectrum B) look more similar to pure carbon ink. (p. 42)
Original Recipe Text
The manuscript used mixed inks where the amount of added carbon was variable. In some spectra (spectrum A in Fig. 1), the features of iron-gall are more evident due to lower carbon content, while others (spectrum B) look more similar to pure carbon ink. (p. 42)
Evidence
"In the example below, mixed carbon and iron-gall inks were found in addition to the pure iron-gall inks of the main text of a Syriac manuscript (a sacred text, fourteenth century). (p. 42)"
Remarks
Raman spectroscopy is described as the cleanest method to identify carbon and iron-gall mixtures because both have characteristic recognition patterns (p. 42). The variability in carbon content within the same manuscript suggests intentional mixing to achieve specific visual or chemical properties. (p. 42)
Scientific Analysis
Chemical CompositionFe
Analytical Techniques
Raman
XRF
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
ColorBlack
RegionOrient
Approx. Year1350
Source Information
AuthorColini, C., Hahn, O., Bonnerot, O., Steger, S., Cohen, Z., Ghigo, T., Christiansen, T., Bicchieri, M., Biocca, P., Krutzsch, M., and Rabin, I.
CollectionSyriac manuscript (a sacred text)
Language
N/A
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