thermally upgraded (TU) papers

Ingredients

cellulose, nitrogen-stabilized additives, melamine, dicyandiamide

Preparation Steps

Original Recipe Text

TU papers are produced by the modification of Kraft paper with nitrogen-stabilized additives like melamine and dicyandiamide (p. 1). The concentration of dicyandiamide (DICY) index varied among samples: TU 1 (0.04), TU 2 (0.15), and TU 3 (0.02) as listed in Table 3 (p. 4). Samples were dried in a vacuum chamber for 24 to 48 h at 90 °C before being impregnated with oil (p. 2).

Evidence

"The modification of Kraft paper by adding nitrogen-stabilized additives (melamine and dicyandiamide) is used widely to produce TU papers."

Remarks

TU papers are designed to handle higher hotspot temperatures than normal Kraft paper (p. 1). The DICY index additive slows down cellulose degradation by decomposition into other products (p. 4). A slower aging rate in TU 2 compared to TU 1 was linked to a higher DICY index, indicating superior additive protection (p. 4).