metal based
Mali
16th Century
Source: Abdel Kader Haidara, Ismaël Diadié Haidara, and Haoua Taore. In 'The Meanings of Timbuktu', edited by Shamil Jeppie and Souleymane Bachir Diagne, HSRC Press, 2008.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
metal based, ferrous content
Preparation Steps
The inks used in the 16th century were frequently metal-based, specifically containing ferrous components (p. 274).
Original Recipe Text
The inks used in the 16th century were frequently metal-based, specifically containing ferrous components (p. 274).
Evidence
"The ink used, mainly from the sixteenth century, was often metal based. Moisture has increased the ink’s acidity levels and caused the ferrous content to damage the paper."
Remarks
The interaction of moisture with the ferrous content has significantly increased acidity, leading to paper corrosion. In severe cases, the ink has 'eaten deep into the paper,' causing text to become illegible and the substrate to disintegrate (p. 274).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical Compositionferrous content
Analytical Techniques
electronic pH measuring
Certainty Level
Probable
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
RegionMali
Approx. Year1550
Source Information
TitleThe state of manuscripts in Mali and efforts to preserve them / The private libraries of Timbuktu
AuthorAbdel Kader Haidara, Ismaël Diadié Haidara, and Haoua Taore. In 'The Meanings of Timbuktu', edited by Shamil Jeppie and Souleymane Bachir Diagne, HSRC Press, 2008.
CollectionTimbuktu
Language
N/A
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