red ink

Ingredients

red ink

Preparation Steps

Original Recipe Text

Red ink is utilized throughout the notebook for specific functions: vocalizing the text (p. 1028), writing introductions (p. 1028), and making interlinear corrections (p. 1028). In the Du'a al-Sabasib, the bismillah marking the start of the text is written in red ink (p. 1030).

Evidence

"The text is in black ink and partially vocalized in red. Introductions are in red ink in the same hand. There are some corrections where words or clusters of words have been added in red ink, correcting the original text in black ink."

Remarks

The red ink is used to add content missing from the initial copying, with clusters of several words added in smaller red letters between the lines (p. 1029). The author suggests the 'careful vocalization' in red was likely made to ensure correct pronunciation, which was a requirement for the magical 'spell to work' (p. 1038). The use of both red and black pens is one of the primary indicators the author uses to date the writing to the late 1920s or early 1930s (p. 1028).