Azure
Iran
16th Century
Source: Pakzad, Z. (2017). Color Structure in the Persian Painting. Review of European Studies, 9(1), 1-17.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
Azure stone (Lapis lazuli), Arabic gum, Water
Preparation Steps
The azure stone is thoroughly rinsed and finely grinded until it becomes very soft and round. It is then rinsed again to ensure cleanliness. Arabic gum is added to the powder to form a dough-like consistency. Water is then added drop by drop until the desired concentration is achieved (p. 12). If excessive water is used, the stone loses physical properties (p. 12).
Original Recipe Text
The azure stone is thoroughly rinsed and finely grinded until it becomes very soft and round. It is then rinsed again to ensure cleanliness. Arabic gum is added to the powder to form a dough-like consistency. Water is then added drop by drop until the desired concentration is achieved (p. 12). If excessive water is used, the stone loses physical properties (p. 12).
Evidence
"To make the azure color, first the azure stone is thoroughly rinsed and finely grinded, in a way that it turns very soft and round, and again it is rinsed to be clean more. Then, Arabic gum is added to be formed as dough."
Remarks
Azure is used for jewelry, sculpture, murals, tile, and fiber dyeing. It is resistant to alkali but turns colorless and gray when exposed to weak acids. The mineral is highly resistant to sunlight (p. 12).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical CompositionLapis Lazuli (Blue ore)
Analytical Techniques
remaking of seven main mineral colors
Experimental-based manner
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
pigment
BinderAcacia gum
ColorBlue
RegionIran
Approx. Year1550
Source Information
AuthorPakzad, Z.
CollectionKashan, Natanz, Ghamsar, and also Badakhshan
Language
N/A
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