ورقه

Ingredients

جلود, أبريسم

Preparation Steps

Original Recipe Text

The paper was leveled or prepared ('sawwa warqahu'), the edges gathered and bound with silk ('al-ibrism'), and the final assembly covered with leather ('al-julud'). (p. 160).

Evidence

"فأخرج له كتاباً قد غشاه بالجلود، وجمع أطرافه بالأبريسم، وسوى ورقه"

Remarks

The use of 'warq' identifies the substrate as paper, a key material in the 9th-century Abbasid administration and literary culture. The binding utilizes 'ibrism', which Footnote 1 on page 160 identifies as silk ('al-harir'). The outer protection is provided by 'julud', referring to leather or prepared animal skins used for manuscript covers. (p. 160).