mixed ink
Egypt
11th Century
Source: Chapter 5: Implications of This Research, Conclusions and Outlook
Recipe Details
Ingredients
carbon-based ink, iron
Preparation Steps
A mixed ink consisting of a carbon-based ink base with a 'considerable addition of iron' (p. 149). Similar to the main text ink, it does not contain vitriolic satellite elements (p. 149).
Original Recipe Text
A mixed ink consisting of a carbon-based ink base with a 'considerable addition of iron' (p. 149). Similar to the main text ink, it does not contain vitriolic satellite elements (p. 149).
Evidence
"The autographs of the witnesses were in fact written with a mixed ink, as the ink contains large amounts of iron. However, none of the vitriolic satellite element of iron were found in those inks either. Therefore, we conclude that we have here a mixed ink that consists of a carbon-based ink with a considerable addition of iron."
Remarks
This mixed ink was used by witnesses for signatures on the same paper document as the iron-gall main text. This pattern of using different inks for main text and signatures is designated as 'case 2' (p. 149).
Scientific Analysis
Analytical Techniques
XRF
NIR light
reflectographic analysis
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
Paper Typepaper
ColorBlack
RegionEgypt
Approx. Year1050
Source Information
AuthorChapter 5: Implications of This Research, Conclusions and Outlook
CollectionT-S Ar.5.1 signatures
Language
N/A
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