Blue ink, Red ink, Black ink
Islamic
Source: Nawal Mash'al, Rajabi Abdul Razak, Harlina Md. Sharif. (2023). A REVIEW ON METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF THE PIGMENTS AND INKS IN ILLUMINATED MANUSCRIPT. Journal of Architecture, Planning & Construction Management, 13(1), 77-89.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
oxides, cotton, additives
Preparation Steps
The experimental samples were prepared using a hand mill to soften the ingredients and remove undesirable materials. The mixture consisted of 90% cotton and 10% additives. Moreover, oxides were utilized as a primary component to prepare the ink for writing on these experimental samples (p. 82).
Original Recipe Text
The experimental samples were prepared using a hand mill to soften the ingredients and remove undesirable materials. The mixture consisted of 90% cotton and 10% additives. Moreover, oxides were utilized as a primary component to prepare the ink for writing on these experimental samples (p. 82).
Evidence
"Identification of the authenticity of a Quranic manuscript using 2.5D scanning technique... findings of Pigment/Ink: Blue ink, Red ink, Black ink."
Remarks
The study notes that destructive analysis such as SEM-EDX provides a positive test confirming the presence of elements, which is more reliable than a negative test (p. 77). This specific paper (Paper 1 in the review) focused on the authenticity of a Quranic manuscript from the Islamic Era (p. 81).
Scientific Analysis
Analytical Techniques
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX)
Certainty Level
Probable
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
ColorBlack
RegionIslamic
Source Information
AuthorNawal Mash'al, Rajabi Abdul Razak, Harlina Md. Sharif.
CollectionUnknown
Language
N/A
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