ochres - iron oxides and hydroxides
Africa
Source: Fani, S. (2020). Exploring and Preserving the Islamic Manuscript Heritage of Sub-Saharan Africa. Cham : Palgrave Macmillan [10.1007/978-3-030-45759-4_25].
Recipe Details
Ingredients
iron oxides, iron hydroxides
Preparation Steps
These mineral pigments are prepared by grinding, smoothing, and repeatedly decanting iron oxides and hydroxides. The specific shade (yellow through purple) is achieved by controlling the processing and selection of the mineral (p. 6).
Original Recipe Text
These mineral pigments are prepared by grinding, smoothing, and repeatedly decanting iron oxides and hydroxides. The specific shade (yellow through purple) is achieved by controlling the processing and selection of the mineral (p. 6).
Evidence
"The various tonalities of yellow, orange, red, brown and purple pigments are of mineral origins; they are ochres - iron oxides and hydroxides - which are grinded, smoothed and decanted repeatedly according to the shade of color desired."
Remarks
In some cases, organic yellow dyes are used, potentially involving eggs where the white acts as a binder and the yolk is used to intensify the color (p. 6).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical Compositioniron oxides and hydroxides
Analytical Techniques
chemical analysis
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
pigment
BinderAcacia gum
ColorYellow
RegionAfrica
Source Information
AuthorFani, S.
CollectionSub-Saharan Africa
Language
N/A
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