verdigris
Morocco
9th Century
Source: Oubelkacem, Y., Lamhasni, T., El Bakkali, A., et al. (2020). Parchments and coloring materials in two IXth century manuscripts: On-site non-invasive multi-techniques investigation. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 246, 119093.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
copper, vinegar (acetic acid)
Preparation Steps
This green pigment is obtained by the reaction of pure copper or copper alloys with acetic acid contained in vinegar (p. 12). It is a mixture of blue-green copper acetates with varying degrees of basicity and hydration (p. 12). FOR spectra show reflectance minima around 700 nm (p. 12).
Original Recipe Text
This green pigment is obtained by the reaction of pure copper or copper alloys with acetic acid contained in vinegar (p. 12). It is a mixture of blue-green copper acetates with varying degrees of basicity and hydration (p. 12). FOR spectra show reflectance minima around 700 nm (p. 12).
Evidence
"Taking into account the ages of both artifacts, the copper-based pigment is very likely verdigris."
Remarks
Used for green vocalization symbols. Verdigris is a damaging agent for parchment but no harmful effect was observed in these specific manuscripts (p. 13).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical Composition[Cu(CH3COO)2]x.[Cu(OH)2]y.nH2O
Analytical Techniques
FOR
XRF
Certainty Level
Probable
Instrumentally Verified
Not Verified
Metadata
Material Type
pigment
Paper TypeParchment
ColorGreen
RegionMorocco
Approx. Year850
Source Information
AuthorOubelkacem, Y., Lamhasni, T., El Bakkali, A., et al.
CollectionMakhtout 231
Language
N/A
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