Chinese characters and phonetic glosses in Tibetan script

Evidence

"The phonetic reading of every Chinese character on this page is written to the right in Tibetan script. Even though this happens only on the first page, involving just four lines of text... the Tibetan syllables on the first page of Pelliot tibétain 1262 was not taking advantage of the empty space on the page... but actively engaged with the text that was already there."

Remarks

The manuscript features layered ink application. The primary Chinese text (Guanyin jing) was written by several hands for a mourning ritual (p. 323, 332). Later, Tibetan phonetic glosses were added to the right side of the Chinese characters as auxiliary notations (p. 330). These glosses were added after the manuscript had already become unbound and fallen into pieces, as they appear on what became the 'first' page of a detached quire (p. 332). The Tibetan ink script is described as slightly smaller than the Chinese (p. 330).