red ink, black ink, iron gall ink

Ingredients

red ink, black ink

Preparation Steps

Original Recipe Text

The manuscript JMA.PDN.886.2002.A1.60 uses 'plain red ink circles' for verse markers (p. 20). Surah headings are typically 'red ink and set in simple black in frames' (p. 20). The black ink used for the primary text is also subject to 'iron gall ink corrosion' (p. 23). A note in Pegon script on the final page is noted as having 'faded ink' (p. 22).

Evidence

"The verse markers are also coloured in plain red ink circles while surah headings area usually in red ink and set in simple black in frames"

Remarks

The Javanese Quran exhibits iron gall ink corrosion similar to the Terengganu specimen, leading to deterioration of the paper (p. 23). The usage of red and black ink is consistent with Javanese manuscript traditions. Recitation guidelines (qiraat) are also found in the marginal sections (p. 20).