mixed soot and alum-gall
Iran
16th Century
Source: Koochakzaei, A., & Ghaffari, T. (2023). Identification of traditional black Persian inks by spectroscopic and spectral imaging techniques: Presenting a flowchart method. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 127, 103545.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
Soot, Gum Arabic, Gall, Alum, Water
Preparation Steps
Quantities: 1g Soot, 4g Gum Arabic, 2g Gall, 1g Alum, 60mL water (Table 1). Prepared like carbo-gall-vitriol ink but using crushed alum powder instead of vitriol (Section 2.2.4).
Original Recipe Text
Quantities: 1g Soot, 4g Gum Arabic, 2g Gall, 1g Alum, 60mL water (Table 1). Prepared like carbo-gall-vitriol ink but using crushed alum powder instead of vitriol (Section 2.2.4).
Evidence
"This ink is prepared in the same manner as carbo-gall-vitriol ink, but using alum instead of vitriol. As a crystallized substance, alum is first crushed into a powder in order to ensure it can be mixed with the ink."
Remarks
Sample S4 shows distinct micro cracks on the surface of the ink in SEM-BSE images, which are not visible in other inks. This suggests the possibility of paint spillage over time (Section 3.2, p. 5). FTIR allows identification due to aluminum sulfate peaks (Section 3.3).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical CompositionKAl(SO4)2·12H2O
Analytical Techniques
Raman
FTIR
SEM-EDS
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
BinderAcacia gum
Paper TypeSteinbach acid-free paper
ColorBlack
RegionIran
Approx. Year1550
Source Information
AuthorKoochakzaei, A., & Ghaffari, T.
CollectionRecreated based on "Serat al-Sotur"
Language
N/A
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