mixed soot and iron-gall
Iran
15th Century
Source: Koochakzaei, A., & Ghaffari, T. (2023). Identification of traditional black Persian inks by spectroscopic and spectral imaging techniques: Presenting a flowchart method. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 127, 103545.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
Soot, Gum Arabic, Gall, Vitriol, Water
Preparation Steps
Quantities: 1g Soot, 4g Gum Arabic, 2g Gall, 1g Vitriol, 60mL water (Table 1). Soot and gum are mixed in a mortar, then gall extract is added while braying. Vitriol is incorporated and the ink is brayed and whipped vigorously (Section 2.2.3).
Original Recipe Text
Quantities: 1g Soot, 4g Gum Arabic, 2g Gall, 1g Vitriol, 60mL water (Table 1). Soot and gum are mixed in a mortar, then gall extract is added while braying. Vitriol is incorporated and the ink is brayed and whipped vigorously (Section 2.2.3).
Evidence
"Initially, gum and soot are mixed in a mortar, after which gall extract is added while braying the ink. Finally, vitriol is incorporated into the mixture and the process of braying and whipping the ink is repeated."
Remarks
Evaluation of the range 1000–1700 cm−1 provides the possibility of distinguishing between carbon-based and iron-gall-based inks. Peak differences in the range of 790 and 1435 cm−1 (symmetric COO vibrations) are observed in samples containing soot (S3) compared to S2 (Section 3.1, p. 5).
Scientific Analysis
Analytical Techniques
Raman
FORS
FTIR
SEM-EDS
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
BinderAcacia gum
Paper TypeSteinbach acid-free paper
ColorBlack
RegionIran
Approx. Year1450
Source Information
AuthorKoochakzaei, A., & Ghaffari, T.
CollectionRecreated based on Resaleh dar bayan-e kaghaz, morakkab va hall-e alvan
Language
N/A
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