bottle green
Castile
13th Century
Source: Vieira, M.; Melo, M.J.; Nabais, P.; Lopes, J.A.; Lopes, G.V.; Fernández, L.F. (2024). The Colors in Medieval Illuminations through the Magnificent Scriptorium of Alfonso X, the Learned. Heritage, 7(1), 272-300.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
verdigris, proteinaceous binder
Preparation Steps
Based on historical recipes and analysis (p. 284), this pigment was likely prepared using verdigris as a source of copper mixed with a protein-based binder. It has been extensively identified in monastic production from the 12th and 13th centuries (p. 284).
Original Recipe Text
Based on historical recipes and analysis (p. 284), this pigment was likely prepared using verdigris as a source of copper mixed with a protein-based binder. It has been extensively identified in monastic production from the 12th and 13th centuries (p. 284).
Evidence
"The second green, the copper proteinate, also known as bottle green, has been extensively found in manuscripts of Portuguese monastic production during the 12th and 13th centuries."
Remarks
This pigment was applied in all analyzed manuscripts. In the Rich codex, it was the 'green of election' (p. 284). Despite its brightness, it often shows detachment from the support (p. 284).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical Compositioncopper proteinate
Analytical Techniques
fiber-optics reflectance spectroscopy
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
pigment
Bindercopper proteinate
ColorGreen
RegionCastile
Approx. Year1250
Source Information
TitleThe Colors in Medieval Illuminations through the Magnificent Scriptorium of Alfonso X, the Learned
AuthorVieira, M.; Melo, M.J.; Nabais, P.; Lopes, J.A.; Lopes, G.V.; Fernández, L.F.
CollectionRoyal Library of the El Escorial Monastery
Language
N/A
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