gold shell
Egypt
17th Century
Source: Hassan, R. R. A. (2015). Analytical study of a manuscript, 'Tafsir Al khazin ' - the seventeenth century AD. Current Science International, 4(2), 196-207.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
powdered gold, gum
Preparation Steps
The gold ink consists of 'gold shell', which is manufactured by suspending powdered gold within a gum medium. This preparation allowed the gold to be applied with a pen (p. 201).
Original Recipe Text
The gold ink consists of 'gold shell', which is manufactured by suspending powdered gold within a gum medium. This preparation allowed the gold to be applied with a pen (p. 201).
Evidence
"gold color was from gold shell. ... it is made of powdered gold suspended with gum. It was cheaper than gold leaf and could be applied with a pen. (p. 201)"
Remarks
EDAX analysis measured gold at 89.83% by weight (p. 203). The author notes that shell gold was a more economical alternative to gold leaf and permitted finer calligraphic detail (p. 201).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical CompositionAu
Analytical Techniques
EDAX analysis
X-ray diffraction
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
Bindergum
ColorGold
RegionEgypt
Approx. Year1650
Source Information
AuthorHassan, R. R. A.
Collectionstores of Al Azhar Al Sharif Grand Mosque
Language
N/A
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