gold pigments

Ingredients

gold

Preparation Steps

Original Recipe Text

Gold pigments were used extensively for background elements and architectural details (p. 152). In the broader context of the manuscript's palette, yellow tones were also achieved through orpiment (17%), orpiment mixed with yellow dye (33%), or a complex mixture of orpiment, yellow dyes, and gypsum (50%) as noted in the statistical analysis (p. 153, Fig. 5-59).

Evidence

"All the metallic colour samples analysed in this manuscript (9 spots) were gold pigments used extensively to paint the background, the armor, the buildings, the details of clothing and the architecture (Tab. 5-24)."

Remarks

The study notes that colour materials in this manuscript from Lahijan show significant differences compared to those from Shiraz or the Herat school (p. 153). Gold was specifically identified in 9 spots across folios such as AKM 62, 63, 64, and 92 (p. 152).