Ultramarine
Iran
15th Century
Recipe Details
Ingredients
sulfur, silicon, aluminum
Evidence
"All six samples of blue analysed in this manuscript are made of ultramarine. ... fortunately one of the pigments which the FORS technique can easily detect is ultramarine"
Remarks
In AKM 4, ultramarine was the only blue pigment found. It was frequently mixed with white lead to produce various tonalities (p. 114, 123). In AKM 5, it was combined with white lead for the sky and clothing, or used separately (p. 125).
Scientific Analysis
Analytical Techniques
FORS
XRF
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
pigment
ColorBlue
RegionIran
Approx. Year1450
Source Information
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