Saffron, Anemone, Turmeric, Henna, Rhubarb, Madder, Barberry, Indigo, Red onion skin, Mallow

Ingredients

Crocus sativus, Anemone coronaria, Curcuma longa, Lawsonia inermis, Rheum undulatum, Rubia tinctorum, Berberis vulgaris, Indigofera tinctoria, Althea officinalis, Red onion skin

Preparation Steps

Original Recipe Text

Dyes were extracted from different plant parts (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds) using water (p. 69). The solution was filtered and the paper was dyed by immersion. For paint samples, the concentrated dye solution was mixed with a gum Arabic binder (2g gum Arabic in 25ml water, heated for 1 hour until smooth) and applied with a brush (p. 70-71).

Evidence

"Seven mock-up samples were prepared... contain: Saffron (Crocus sativus), Anemone (Anemone coronaria), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Henna (Lawsonia inermis), Rhubarb (Rheum undulatum), Madder (Rubia tinctorum), and Barberry (Berberis vulgaris)."

Remarks

The study found that mixing dyes with gum Arabic did not significantly shift the absorption or fluorescence peaks in FORS and FOMF spectra (p. 71). Specifically, Henna (powder of leaves) and Turmeric (powder of roots) were used (p. 66). Dyes like Saffron and Henna were reproduced using multiple recipes due to their varied historical usage (p. 67).