natural dyes and lakes, colour materials

Ingredients

natural dyes, lakes

Preparation Steps

Original Recipe Text

The study utilizes a multi-step analytical protocol: (1) extensive investigation with Fibre Optics Reflectance Spectroscopy (FORS) to collect spectra from all significant painted areas; (2) investigation of areas diagnosed as organic (dyes) using Fibre Optics Molecular Fluorimetry (FOMF); (3) X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry to characterize inorganic pigments and metal layers, recognizing minor components for provenance; (4) HPLC-MS and SERS for accurate investigation of dyes and lakes when micro-samples are available (p. 46). Specific instruments used include an ELIO® spectrometer for RAS 239 and Or. 420 (p. 50), an Artax micro X-ray spectrometer for Ms 22-1948 (p. 50), and a Bruker AXS Handheld Tracer III-SD for the AKM series (p. 50).

Evidence

"analytical techniques have been applied to identify pigments by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Fibre Optic Reflectance Spectroscopy (FORS) techniques and natural dyes and lakes through a combination of FORS, Fibre Optics Molecular Fluorimetry (FOMF), High Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS), and Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) techniques."

Remarks

The project involves circa 1000 individual points studied collectively across nine manuscripts (p. 49). Analysis of MS 22-1948 involved measurements lasting 200 seconds each with no filters (p. 50). FORS works by identifying reflectance maxima, transition edges, and vibrational features (p. 46). XRF is used to identify pigments by recognizing chemical elements (p. 46).