ultramarine
Egypt
14th Century
Source: Porter, Cheryl. "The Science of Color: Color Analysis and the Roles of Economics, Geography, and Tradition in the Artist’s Choice of Colors for Manuscript Painting." In: And Diverse Are Their Hues: Color in Islamic Art and Culture (Eds. Sheila Blair and Jonathan Bloom), Yale University Press, 2011.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
lapis lazuli
Preparation Steps
The lapis lazuli was obtained from mines in Badakhshan, Afghanistan (p. 11). The pigment is described as 'fine quality, well-processed, and expertly applied' (p. 11).
Original Recipe Text
The lapis lazuli was obtained from mines in Badakhshan, Afghanistan (p. 11). The pigment is described as 'fine quality, well-processed, and expertly applied' (p. 11).
Evidence
"All blues in Rasid 9 are of fine quality, well-processed, and expertly applied ultramarine made from the semi-precious stone lapis lazuli... the best quality ultramarine has been used for the pure blue ink that forms the line border of the text, as well as for the decorative parts of the khamsa or five-verse marker."
Remarks
Used for pure blue ink in line borders and decoration of khamsas. Ultramarine was also found mixed with yellow orpiment to create green ink (p. 11).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical CompositionNa8[Al6Si6O24]Sn
Analytical Techniques
Raman
FTIR
scanning electron microscopy (sem)
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
ColorBlue
RegionEgypt
Approx. Year1350
Source Information
AuthorPorter, Cheryl. "The Science of Color: Color Analysis and the Roles of Economics, Geography, and Tradition in the Artist’s Choice of Colors for Manuscript Painting." In: And Diverse Are Their Hues: Color in Islamic Art and Culture
CollectionBadakhshan (Lapis origin)
Language
N/A
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