paper imported from China, India, Persia, and Europe; European-made paper with watermarks
Malay
16th Century
Source: Nurul Huda Mohd Din, Mumtaz Mokhtar, Wan Samiati Andriana Wan Muhammad Daud, Syafril Amir Muhammd. "Islamic Philosophical In Malay Art And Creativities." ARTe: Art & Expression, Vol. 2, March 2022, pp. 55-65.
Recipe Details
Evidence
"Almost all Jawi manuscripts use paper imported from China, India, Persia, and Europe. ... during that era, most of the Al-Quran manuscripts were produced by using European-made paper with watermarks from Italy and other continental European companies."
Remarks
The Malay world relied heavily on global trade for its writing surfaces. With the arrival of Europeans around the 16th century AD, the copyist activity expanded significantly, with a marked preference for high-quality Italian and continental European papers featuring distinct watermarks (p. 63).
Scientific Analysis
Certainty Level
Inferred
Instrumentally Verified
Not Verified
Metadata
Material Type
paper
Paper Typepaper imported from China, India, Persia, and Europe; European-made paper with watermarks
RegionMalay
Approx. Year1550
Source Information
AuthorNurul Huda Mohd Din, Mumtaz Mokhtar, Wan Samiati Andriana Wan Muhammad Daud, Syafril Amir Muhammd. "Islamic Philosophical In Malay Art And Creativities." ARTe: Art & Expression, Vol. 2, March 2022, pp. 55-65.
CollectionChina, India, Persia, Italy, Europe
Language
N/A
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