three crescents watermarks; tre lune watermarks
Mali
Source: Jeppie, S., & Diagne, S. B. (Eds.). (2008). The Meanings of Timbuktu. Cape Town: HSRC Press.
Recipe Details
Preparation Steps
The text discusses the diagnostic 'three crescents' and 'tre lune' watermarks on pages 50, 53, 64, 70, 148, and 153. These watermarks represent European paper imports from Italy, specifically Venice, which became the dominant writing substrate in West Africa from the 17th century onwards (p. 375, p. 372).
Original Recipe Text
The text discusses the diagnostic 'three crescents' and 'tre lune' watermarks on pages 50, 53, 64, 70, 148, and 153. These watermarks represent European paper imports from Italy, specifically Venice, which became the dominant writing substrate in West Africa from the 17th century onwards (p. 375, p. 372).
Evidence
"three crescents watermarks 50, 53, 64, 70, 148, 153; tre lune watermarks 50, 53, 64, 70, 148, 153"
Remarks
These watermarks are crucial for the chronology of Timbuktu manuscripts. The index also mentions paper technology (p. 46), prices (p. 153), and its trade across the Maghrib and Bilad al-Sudan (p. 372).
Scientific Analysis
Certainty Level
Inferred
Instrumentally Verified
Not Verified
Metadata
Material Type
paper
Paper Typethree crescents watermarks; tre lune watermarks
RegionMali
Source Information
AuthorJeppie, S., & Diagne, S. B.
CollectionVenice; Italy; Timbuktu
Language
N/A
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