Paper manuscript

Ingredients

cellulose, cotton or plant fibers

Preparation Steps

Original Recipe Text

According to the research (p. 1803), paper is composed of linear polymers of glucose (β-D-glucopyranose) monomers linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds assembled in bonded cellulose fibers. The degree of polymerization (DP) typically ranges from hundreds to thousands of single units depending on the origin (wood pulp, cotton, or plant fibers). Molecular chains are held together by strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds that aggregate single chains into a highly oriented structure (p. 1803).

Evidence

"the Carta de Logu (C1A sample, ageing of 567 years), there is a residual percentage of C–O–C intermonomers bonds of about 35% that means a loss of 65% of C–O–C bonds in reference to a not damaged cellulose (C0 sample)."

Remarks

The study focuses on the C1A sample, known as the 'Code of Eleonora di Arborea,' the first collection of laws in the Sardinian language (p. 1804). The kinetic model developed uses the 1,100 cm−1 Raman band (stretching of C–O–C β-glycosidic bond) and the 1,376 cm−1 band (CH group vibrations) to determine the effective age and degradation state of the cellulose (p. 1805). For sample C1A, the effective age was calculated within 8% accuracy of its historical date (p. 1808).