Arab, Persian, Indian, European

Evidence

"→ European or non-European: Arab, Persian, Indian; if European, indicate whether watermarked or not. → Laid or → wove: for non-European papers, indicate the existence or non-existence of chain lines; if chain lines are visible, indicate whether grouped in twos, threes, etc."

Remarks

Description of paper involves distinguishing between European and non-European types (Arab, Persian, Indian). Analysis requires identifying if the paper is laid or wove. For non-European papers, observers measure the distance between chain lines and the area occupied by 20 laid lines in mm. Chain lines may be horizontal or vertical and grouped in twos or threes. Watermarks and countermarks are described using standard lists and rules of blazon, including impressed and imitation watermarks (p. 14).