iron oxide
Africa
9th Century
Source: Nancy K. Turner, "Surface Effect and Substance," in Surface Effect and Substance (p. 71-90).
Recipe Details
Ingredients
iron oxide, ocher
Preparation Steps
A flat ground layer was prepared using a coloring agent identified as iron oxide or ocher, giving it a pale orange or pink appearance (p. 77, 78). This ground was applied to the support (parchment) to receive the cut pieces of gold leaf (p. 78).
Original Recipe Text
A flat ground layer was prepared using a coloring agent identified as iron oxide or ocher, giving it a pale orange or pink appearance (p. 77, 78). This ground was applied to the support (parchment) to receive the cut pieces of gold leaf (p. 78).
Evidence
"pale orange ground (found by XRF to contain an iron oxide)"
Remarks
The use of an iron-based ground in this North African Qur'an fragment (83.MM.118) provided a stable and visually compatible substrate for the gold leaf letters. The ground is described as 'flat' and 'ocher-containing' (p. 78).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical CompositionFe2O3
Analytical Techniques
XRF
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Not Verified
Metadata
Material Type
pigment
ColorOrange
RegionAfrica
Approx. Year850
Source Information
AuthorNancy K. Turner, "Surface Effect and Substance," in Surface Effect and Substance
CollectionNorth Africa (Tunisia?)
Language
N/A
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