gilt, red, blue, green

Evidence

"originally rubrication was in red, other colours, notably blue and green, were also used for this purpose. ... Thick frames with rope-work or plaited motifs appear already in early Qur’anic fragments... the space between parallel thin lines filled with gilt (gilded frame) or some other colour"

Remarks

Pigments were used for rubrication and rule-borders (jadwal). Gilt was used for gilded frames, while red, blue, and green were used as early as the Umayyad period for rubrication of basmalahs and chapter headings (p. 228). Frames often included rope-work or plaited motifs (p. 230).