bitumen
Iraq
8th Century
Source: Marcus Milwright, 'Prologues and epilogues in Islamic ceramics: clays, repairs and secondary use', Medieval Ceramics 25, 2001, pp. 72-83.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
bitumen
Evidence
"These designs were believed to protect the owners against the malign influence... pseudo-epigraphy and images drawn in ink or bitumen."
Remarks
Bitumen was used alongside ink to draw pseudo-epigraphy and images on incantation bowls (p. 79). This practice is linked to magical and protective uses, such as guarding against the malign influence of Nirgal/Saturn (p. 79). The author connects this to both pre-Islamic and Islamic-period magic bowls found in the Middle East.
Scientific Analysis
Analytical Techniques
Visual observation
Certainty Level
Inferred
Instrumentally Verified
Not Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
ColorBlack
RegionIraq
Approx. Year750
Source Information
AuthorMarcus Milwright, 'Prologues and epilogues in Islamic ceramics: clays, repairs and secondary use', Medieval Ceramics 25, 2001, pp. 72-83.
CollectionUnknown
Language
N/A
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