mixed ink
Egypt
11th Century
Source: Cohen, Zina (2022). "Chapter 4: Results and Discussion." In Composition of Inks and Supports in the Cairo Genizah. Brill.
Recipe Details
Evidence
"mixed inks could be unequivocally determined for the main text of only 15 documents."
Remarks
Mixed inks, consisting of both carbon and iron-gall components, were identified in 15 main texts but were significantly more common in signatures, where they were found in 33 instances (9% of signatures) (p. 79). Cohen notes that mixed inks are preferentially used by witnesses when signing legal documents (p. 79). It is suggested that the frequency of this ink type might be underestimated in this study due to specific analytical protocol limitations (p. 79).
Scientific Analysis
Analytical Techniques
Reflectography
XRF
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
RegionEgypt
Approx. Year1050
Source Information
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