brochantite
Bukhara
17th Century
Source: Nancy Purinton and Mark Watters, "A Study of the Materials Used by Medieval Persian Painters", Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, Autumn, 1991, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 125-144.
Recipe Details
Ingredients
copper sulfate
Preparation Steps
Brochantite is a basic copper sulfate (p. 134). In this context, it was identified as an unusual green pigment in a Safavid-era painting (M.83.27.2). It may represent an artificial product or a specific mineral source utilized by the artist (p. 134).
Original Recipe Text
Brochantite is a basic copper sulfate (p. 134). In this context, it was identified as an unusual green pigment in a Safavid-era painting (M.83.27.2). It may represent an artificial product or a specific mineral source utilized by the artist (p. 134).
Evidence
"one of the unusual greens, a basic copper sulfate identified by means of x-ray diffraction, was brochantite."
Remarks
The painting containing brochantite (Zahhak Enthroned with Two Sisters, M.83.27.2) was analyzed using XRD to confirm the copper sulfate structure (Table 1, p. 130). Brochantite seems to have caused less damage to the paper substrate than basic copper chlorides like atacamite or paratacamite, which are also mentioned as potential green pigments (p. 134).
Scientific Analysis
Chemical CompositionCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Analytical Techniques
x-ray diffraction
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
pigment
BinderAcacia gum
ColorGreen
RegionBukhara
Approx. Year1650
Source Information
AuthorNancy Purinton and Mark Watters, "A Study of the Materials Used by Medieval Persian Painters", Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, Autumn, 1991, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 125-144.
CollectionLACMA M.83.27.2
Language
N/A
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