different layers of ink
Damascus
7th Century
Source: Marx, Michael J., and Tobias J. Jocham. "RADIOCARBON (14C) DATING OF QURʾĀN MANUSCRIPTS." In Carbon Dating of Qur'anic Manuscripts, 208-221. Brill, 2020.
Recipe Details
Preparation Steps
Analysis involves identifying distinct chronological layers of application. Ultraviolet imaging is specifically cited as necessary to distinguish original text from subsequent corrections (p. 211). The manuscript shows the archaic form 'dwʾd' almost constantly appearing as 'corrected' into 'dʾwd' (p. 209).
Original Recipe Text
Analysis involves identifying distinct chronological layers of application. Ultraviolet imaging is specifically cited as necessary to distinguish original text from subsequent corrections (p. 211). The manuscript shows the archaic form 'dwʾd' almost constantly appearing as 'corrected' into 'dʾwd' (p. 209).
Evidence
"All in all, the further philological evaluation of Berlin We. II 1913 will hardly be possible without the analyses of the different layers of ink—inter alia through the usage of ultraviolet images and scientific ink analyses."
Remarks
Berlin We. II 1913 is a significant codex containing about 85% of the Qurʾān text. It was purchased in Damascus (p. 215). Carbon dating (14C) results range from 662–765 CE (p. 216). The scribe used an 'alif' in central positions for long vowels more frequently than in other contemporary manuscripts (p. 209).
Scientific Analysis
Analytical Techniques
ultraviolet images
scientific ink analyses
Certainty Level
Confirmed
Instrumentally Verified
Verified
Metadata
Material Type
ink
Paper TypeParchment
RegionDamascus
Approx. Year650
Source Information
AuthorMarx, Michael J., and Tobias J. Jocham. "RADIOCARBON
CollectionBerlin We. II 1913
Language
N/A
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